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If the new drug is effective, the experimental group is expected to have a significantly better response to it than the control group. Each group is then given the same questionnaire and asked to rate the effectiveness of the drug in relieving symptoms. For instance, in a pharmaceutical study to determine the effectiveness of a new drug on the treatment of migraines, the experimental group will be administered the new drug and the control group will be administered a placebo (a drug that is inert, or assumed to have no effect). See also scientific method.Ī typical use of a control group is in an experiment in which the effect of a treatment is unknown and comparisons between the control group and the experimental group are used to measure the effect of the treatment. Indeed, only in the presence of a control group can a researcher determine whether a treatment under investigation truly has a significant effect on an experimental group, and the possibility of making an erroneous conclusion is reduced. Inclusion of a control group greatly strengthens researchers’ ability to draw conclusions from a study. Ideally, the control group and the experimental groups are identical in every way except that the experimental groups are subjected to treatments or interventions believed to have an effect on the outcome of interest while the control group is not. Many experiments are designed to include a control group and one or more experimental groups in fact, some scholars reserve the term experiment for study designs that include a control group. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!Ĭontrol group, the standard to which comparisons are made in an experiment.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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